DAY ONE
Session 1: Introduction to power system protection and coordination
- Types of electrical protection for power systems
- Fuses for high voltage and medium voltage systems
- Time current characteristics of the power fuses
- Fixed and variable tripping of a power fuse
- Expulsion type fuse, advantage and limitations
- Cable protection in line fuses
- Reducing the arc flash in case an event happen
Session 2: Engineering tools for power system analysis
- Phasors, polarity and symmetrical components
- Polarity in relay circuits
- Fault types and causes, fault characteristics
- Fault evaluation methods
- Example of a calculation for power system faults
Session 3: Understanding the power system protection relays
- Classification of protection relays
- Voltage and current instrument transformers
- Zero sequence network
- Electromechanical units: magnetic units; induction units; thermal units; d'arsonval units
- Solid state units,: semiconductor components; solid state logic units; fault sensing and amplification units
- Basic logic circuits and operation
- Microprocessor controlled relays
Session 4: Integrated power system protection devices
- Bessel integrated protection units
- GE integrated relay systems-multiline G60; G30 and other GE protection integrated relay
- Switzer laboratory integrated solutions - SEL protection family
- ABB integrated relays dpu/tpu relay family
- Cooper protection relays
- Vamp protection integrated relays
- Siprotec Siemens relays
- Micom schneider protection relay family
- Comparing the main manufacturer protection relay performance
Session 5: System protection philosophy, location of the power system protection relay
- Defining the relay protection zone and functions
- Standards and code requirements for electrical system protection
- Integrating the protection relay to the power distribution system
- Selection of the best strategy of protecting the power system
- Correlation between the power system protection and the grounding configuration, solid grounding; resistive grounding and impedance grounding
- Strategy of replacing obsolete protection relay systems
Session 6: Balanced and unbalanced power systems
- Short circuit calculation in balanced systems
- Unbalanced power system case study and vector representation
- Power transformer behavior in delta; open delta and star configuration
- Power flow circulation in unbalanced systems
- System short circuit condition in unbalanced systems
DAY TWO
Session 7: Power system transients caused by internal or external factors
- Substation bus protection
- Substation power transformer and reactor protection relays
- Substation feeder protection coordination
- Circuit breakers and reclosers
- Differential scheme acting on external factors
- Over-current relays acting on external or internal factors
- Differential protection of generator-transformer units
- Distance relays for backup power
Session 8: Power system transients caused by internal factors
- High inrush currents generated by magnetic core
- Switching power under load or no-load conditions
- Mutual induced current in adjacent circuits
- Traveling waves in electrical power transformers
- Ferro-resonance effects in power transformers
- Long line effects on substations
- Remote tripping of transformer banks
- Electrostatic and electromagnetic induction
- Differential and common mode transient compensation
- Capacitor switching systems
- Bus energization or deenergization
- Transmission line switching
- Coupling capacitor switching
- Reclosers as a source of system disturbance
Session 9: Compensation and mitigation of the electrical power system transients
- Separation principle applied to power systems
- Suppression systems at the source
- Suppression shielding, case study for power cables
- Control systems immunity from EMI and induced transients
- Correcting electric power quality to avoid spurious trips and nuisance alarms
Session 10: Overview of flow control of active and reactive power in electrical systems
- Capacitor bank protection
- Protecting solid state reactive power units
- Reactive power regulation and control
- Compensating for power factor at the industrial side
Session 11: Design consideration to obtain a robust power system
- Steady state stability
- Voltage stability and on load step condition
- Voltage stability for small disturbances
- Transient stability and recovery
- Voltage instability protection
- Intelligent load shedding
Session 12: Electrical protection design steps and factors to be considered
- Modeling a power system, data validation
- Short circuit analysis of a power system
- Analytical or software driven calculations
- Protection coordination - Time current curves
- Calibration and maintenance of protective equipment - relay calibration data sheets
- Test bench equipment for calibration and validation
- Codes and standards applicable to electrical power systems
Session 13: Case study of a complex power system protection design
- Using specialized software a complex power system will be analyzed
COURSE SCHEDULE:
Both days:
Start: 10 a.m. Eastern Time
Finish: 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time