Distribution Automation Training Course Outline
Instructor:
Hany Farag, PhD, PEng, SMIEEE,
DAY ONE
1. Legacy of Smart Distribution Networks
- Distribution Substations
- Radial Distribution Feeders
- Map of Distribution Feeders
- Electrical Characteristics Of Distribution Feeders
- Distributed Generation and Energy Storage Systems
- Electric Vehicles
- Smart Meters, Two Ways Communication, and Intelligent Control
2. Load Characteristics and Matrices
- Individual Customer Load
- Residential, commercial, and industrial loads
- Customer Class
- Peak and average demand
- Load factor
- Load profile analysis
- Tariff and charges (Time of Use and Electricity Market)
- Distribution Transformer Loading
- Diversified and maximum diversified demand
- Load duration curve
- Maximum non-coincident demand
- Diversity, demand, and utilization factors
- Load diversity
3. Load Models
- Constant Real and Reactive Power Loads
- Constant Impedance Loads
- Constant Current Loads
- Combination Loads
- Two-Phase and Single-Phase Loads
- Shunt Capacitors
- Three-Phase Induction Motor
4. Distribution Feeder and Transformer Models
- Exact Line Segment Model
- Approximate Line Segment Model
- The Delta-Ground Wye Step-Down Transformer Connection
- The Underground Wye-Grounded Wye Connection
- The Delta-Delta Connection
- The Open Wye-Open Delta Connection
5. Distribution Systems Analysis
- Service Entrance Requirement for New Customers
- Voltage Drop Calculations
- Power Loss Calculations
- Distribution Power Flow (DPF) Analysis
- Short circuit and Arc Flash Analysis
- Customer Reliability Indices
6. Framework of Distribution Automation in Smart Grids
- Traditional Substation Automation
- Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs)
- Remote Terminal Units (RTUs)
- Advanced Metering and Information Technologies (AMI)
- Interoperable Communication Networks (IEC 61850)
7. DA Application #1: Integrated Voltage and Reactive Power Control (IVVC)
- Volt/Var control devices
- Substation Load tap changers
- Line voltage regulators
- Shunt capacitors
- Local and Remote Control of Volt/Var devices
- Volt/Var Optimization (VVO)
- Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR)
- Automated Power Factor Correction
DAY TWO
8. DA Application #2: Fault Detection, Isolation, and Load Restoration (FDIR)
- Fault Detection Mechanisms
- Isolation of Faults
- Software applications for Outage Management
- Automated and Optimized Service Restoration
9. DA Application #3: Demand Response (DR)
- Dispatchable Loads
- Load management
- Peak Shifting
- Peak shaving and reduction of peak demand
- Applications of energy storage technologies in demand response
10. Distributed Generation Technologies
- Wind Turbines
- Solar Panels
- Fuel Cell
- Micro-hydro
- Micro-turbine
- Small Modular Reactors (SMR)
- Operation Characteristics of DG technologies
11. Grid Interface Technologies of DGs
- Power Electronic Converters
- Voltage Source versus Current Source Inverters
- Control and Protection Mechanisms
- Contribution to Short Circuit Current
- Synchronous Machines
- Permanent Magnet and Self-excited
- Control and Protection Mechanisms
- Contribution to Short Circuit Current
- Induction Machines
- Variable and Fixed Speed Technologies
- Control and Protection Mechanisms
- Contribution to Short Circuit Current
12. Integration Challenges of DGs with power grids
- Impacts of DG integration on the protection coordination
- Islanding Detection
- Impacts of DG integration on Voltage Regulation and System Losses
- Impacts of DG integration on Power Quality (Harmonics, Voltage flickers, sags, swells)
- Impacts of DG integration on the system reliability
13. Utilities Technical Interconnection Requirements of DGs (IEEE, Hydro One, LDCs)
- General Requirements (safety, PCC, grounding)
- Performance Requirements (Power quality, Disturbances, Resonance)
- Protection Requirements
- Operating Requirements
- Telecommunication Requirements
- Reporting and Metering Requirements
14. Distribution Automation for Successful DG Integration and Deployment of Microgrids
- Mitigation of voltage regulation challenges
- Islanding detection
- Applications of DA to enhance outage management with DG interconnection
- What is microgrid?
- Differences between microgrids and conventional power grids
- Microgrids operation and control: grid-connected and islanded
- Distribution systems reliability assessments with consideration of microgrids
- Energy management design for microgrids
- Techno-economic analysis for microgrid projects
COURSE SCHEDULE:
Both days:
Start: 10 a.m. Eastern Time
Finish: 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time
