Substation Design Course - Arrangements, Grounding, Protection and Construction

This Substation Design course is ideal for professionals working in electrical engineering and the utility industry who are responsible for the design, implementation, or management. It is particularly beneficial for:

• Utility Substation Engineers And Engineers-In-Training
• Consulting And EPC Engineers
• Substation Designers And Drafters
• Protection And Control Engineers And Technologists
• Transmission And Distribution Planning Engineers
• Construction, Commissioning And Maintenance Professionals
• Industrial And Customer-Owned Substation Engineers
• Renewable Energy And Interconnection Engineers
• Project Managers And Planners Responsible For Substation Projects
• Other Electrical Personnel Responsible For The Design, Construction Or Operation Of High-Voltage Substations

Substation Design Course Outline

DAY ONE

SUBSTATION PLANNING, SITE DEVELOPMENT AND MAJOR APPARATUS

MODULE 1 – SUBSTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND RELIABILITY

• Transmission, Distribution, Switching, Collector And Customer-Owned Substations
• Single Bus, Sectionalized Bus And Main-And-Transfer Bus
• Ring Bus, Breaker-And-A-Half And Breaker-And-A-Third
• Double Bus, Double Breaker
• Reliability, Benefits And Consequences Of Each Configuration
• Outage Exposure, Contingency Strategy And Future Expansion
• Design Exercise: Ranking Arrangements For A 138/25 kV Station

MODULE 2 – SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAMS, THE DESIGN PROCESS AND STANDARDS

• Interpreting Single-Line Diagrams To Match Substation Arrangements
• The Project Scope Document And Design Criteria
• Environmental Factors: Altitude, Wind, Ice, Temperature And Seismic Zone
• Design Deliverables: Single-Line, Three-Line, Plan And Section, Grounding And Wiring Drawings
• Equipment Procurement, Long Lead Times And Delivery Schedules
• Which Code Governs: NESC, NEC, CE Code And CSA C22.3
• IEEE/ANSI Versus IEC Frameworks (IEC 61936-1)
• Design Exercise: Identifying Arrangement, Equipment And Protection Zones On A Single-Line

MODULE 3 – SITE IMPROVEMENTS AND CIVIL DESIGN

• Site Selection: Transmission Access, Transportation, Flood Plain And Zoning
• Environmental, Permitting And Zoning Issues
• Grading, Drainage And Erosion Control
• Surface Materials: Crushed Rock And Its Role In Step And Touch Safety
• Roadways, Accessibility, Equipment Delivery And Heavy-Lift Access
• Fencing, Gates And Physical Security
• Oil Containment And Fire Separation
• Design Exercise: Site Plan Mark-Up For Access, Drainage And Containment

MODULE 4 – FOUNDATION DESIGN, SOIL STRUCTURES AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN

• Reading Soil Test (Geotechnical) Reports: Bearing Capacity, Frost Depth And Water Table
• Spread Footings, Drilled Piers And Transformer Slab Foundations
• Steel Structures For Bus, Switches, Instrument Transformers And Arresters
• Wind, Ice, Short-Circuit And Seismic Loads (ASCE 113, ASCE 7, IEEE 693)
• Design Exercise: Selecting A Foundation From A Soil Report

MODULE 5 – TYPICAL SUBSTATION APPARATUS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE POWER SYSTEM

• Power Transformers: Ratings, Cooling Classes, Windings And Load Tap Changers (IEEE C57)
• Circuit Breakers: Interrupting Media, Mechanisms And Ratings (IEEE C37)
• Disconnect And Grounding Switches
• Current Transformers, Voltage Transformers And CVTs
• Surge Arresters, Capacitor Banks And Reactors
• Metal-Clad Switchgear; Air-Insulated Versus Gas-Insulated Substations
• Design Exercise: Building An Equipment List With Key Ratings

MODULE 6 – BIL, INSULATION COORDINATION AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION

• Lightning And Switching Overvoltages
• BIL, BSL And Equipment Withstand Levels
• Surge Arrester Selection, Placement And Protective Margins (IEEE C62)
• Shielding Masts And Shield Wires: Fixed-Angle And Electrogeometric Methods (IEEE 998)
• Design Exercise: Arrester Selection And Protective Margin Check

DAY TWO

ELECTRICAL DESIGN, SECONDARY SYSTEMS AND THE STATION LIFE CYCLE

MODULE 7 – SUBSTATION LAYOUT FOR OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

• Electrical Clearances, Phase Spacing And Working Space (NESC)
• Low-Profile Versus High-Profile Layouts
• Maintenance Access And Equipment Removal
• Mobile Transformer And Mobile Substation Connections
• Control Building Location And Cable Routing
• Planning For Future Bays And Expansion
• Design Exercise: Converting A Single-Line To A Plan View

MODULE 8 – HIGH-VOLTAGE BUS DESIGN – CONDUCTORS AND UNDERGROUND CABLES

• Rigid Versus Strain Bus; Conductor Materials And Shapes
• Ampacity, Short-Circuit Forces And Thermal Expansion (IEEE 605)
• Insulator Loading, Support Spacing, Wind And Ice
• Underground Power Cables, Trenches, Duct Banks And Terminations
• Control Cable Routing, Separation And Shielding (IEEE 525)
• Design Exercise: Rigid Bus Ampacity And Support Spacing

MODULE 9 – GROUND GRID DESIGN AND GROUNDING/BONDING REQUIREMENTS

• Purpose Of Grounding: Personnel Safety, Equipment Protection And Fault Return
• Soil Resistivity Measurement And Soil Models (IEEE 81)
• Fault Current, Current Division And Ground Potential Rise
• Tolerable Step And Touch Voltages And The Surface-Layer Effect (IEEE 80)
• Grid Conductor Sizing And Mesh Voltage Calculations
• Bonding Equipment, Structures And Fences
• Ground Impedance Testing And Grounding-System Verification
• Design Exercise: Worked IEEE 80 Ground Grid

MODULE 10 – AC/DC STATION POWER AND CONTROL SYSTEM SUPPLIES

• Load Classification: Vital, Essential And Non-Essential Loads
• AC Station Service Sources, Transformer Sizing And Transfer Schemes
• Station Batteries, Chargers And DC Distribution
• Battery Duty Cycles And Sizing Basics
• Redundancy For Protection And Control Supplies
• Design Exercise: Sizing A Station Service Transformer And Station Battery

MODULE 11 – SYSTEM PROTECTION OBJECTIVES, PHILOSOPHIES AND PROTECTION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

• Speed, Selectivity, Sensitivity, Security And Dependability
• Protection Zones And Overlap
• Typical Relay Types: Overcurrent (50/51), Differential (87T, 87B), Distance (21), Breaker Failure (50BF) And Reclosing (79)
• Transformer, Bus, Line And Feeder Protection Schemes
• Control Panels, Interlocking, Control House Design And DC Control Circuits
• Design Exercise: Assigning Protection Zones And Relay Functions

MODULE 12 – SUBSTATION AUTOMATION, SCADA, EXPANSION, CONSTRUCTION AND O&M

• RTUs, IEDs, Gateways And SCADA Communications (DNP3)
• IEC 61850: Station Bus, Process Bus And GOOSE Messaging
• Feasibility Of Expanding And Upgrading Existing Substations: Short-Circuit Duty, Ratings, Space, Grounding And Outages
• Construction Considerations: Sequencing, Outages And Safety
• Testing, Start-Up And Commissioning
• Operations And Maintenance Considerations Built Into The Design
• Expansion Feasibility Case Study And Course Review

COURSE TIMETABLE

Both days:
Start: 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time
Finish: 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time