POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS ESSENTIALS - TRAINING COURSE OUTLINE
DAY ONE
POWER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS
- Introduction
- Time Domain Versus Frequency Domain
- Resistor
- Inductor
- Capacitor
- Complex Impedance
THREE-PHASE POWER
- Introduction
- Balanced Delta-Connected Loads
- Balanced Wye-Connected Loads
- Summary
- Unbalanced Delta-Connected Loads
- Unbalanced Wye-Connected Loads
- Summary
POWER SUBSTATION CONFIGURATION
FUNCTIONS OF A SUBSTATION
- Introduction
- Voltage Transformation – Function 1
- Circuit Switching – Function 2
- Voltage Regulation – Function 3
- VAR Control – Function 4
- System Protection – Function 5
RADIAL SYSTEMS
- Introduction
- Simple Radial Systems
- Expanded Radial Systems
- Single-Ended Unit Substations
LOOP SYSTEMS
- Primary Loop Systems
- Secondary Loop Systems
SELECTIVE SYSTEMS
- Primary Selective Systems
- Secondary Selective Systems
- Combined Selective Systems
- Double-Ended Unit Substations
POWER SYSTEM DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS
- Design Consideration
- Standards and Codes
- One-Line Diagram
- Power System Analysis
POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION
VOLTAGE CONSIDERATIONS
SYSTEM VOLTAGE CLASSES
- Low Voltages
- Medium Voltages
- High, Extra-High, and Ultra-High Voltages
SYSTEM VOLTAGE TERMINOLOGY
- System Voltages
- Nominal System Voltages
- Maximum System Voltages
- Service Voltages
- Nominal Utilization Voltages
TRANSFORMER CONNECTIONS
- Two-Wire
- Three-Wire
- Four-Wire
TRANSFORMER VOLTAGE REGULATION
- Transformer Model
- Transformer Ratios and Relationships
- Transformer No-Load Tap Chargers
EFFECTS OF VOLTAGE VARIATIONS
- Motors
- Lighting
- Miscellaneous
POWER FACTOR FUNDAMENTALS
- Definitions of Power Factor
- Leading and Lagging Power Factors
- Typical Plant Power Factors
- Induction Motor Characteristics
POWER FACTOR CORRECTION SOURCES
BENEFITS OF CAPACITOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
- Introduction
- Utility Power Costs
- Release of Power System Capacity
- Current Decrease
- System Voltage Increase
CAPACITOR BANK LOCATIONS
- Introduction
- Motor Bus
- Group Installations
- Utility Bus
CAPACITOR BANK CONCERNS
- Self-Excitation Overvoltage
- Transient Torques
- Harmonics
CAPACITOR RATINGS
- Voltage Ratings
- Current Ratings
- Discharge Requirements
- Kilovar Ratings
CALCULATION PROCEDURES
- General
- Step 1: Existing Power Triangle
- Step 2: New Power Triangle
- Step 3: Needed Power Triangle
- Step 4: Selected Power Triangle
EXERCISES
- Exercise 1
- Exercise 2
- Exercise 3
DAY TWO
LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER CHARACTERISTICS
MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKERS (MCCBS)
- Introduction
- MCCB Types
- Thermal Element TCC Curves
- Magnetic (Instantaneous) Element TCC Curves
- Coordination Criteria
- Electronic CB – Trip Functions
- Electronic CB – TCC Curves
- Summary
LOW VOLTAGE POWER CIRCUIT BREAKERS
- Introduction
- Summary
- Coordination Criteria
FUSE CHARACTERISTICS
LOW VOLTAGE FUSES
- Introduction
- Non-Time Delay (Single-Element) Fuses
- Time Delay (Dual-Element) Fuses
- General Characteristics
- Current Limiting Characteristics
- Fuse Coordination Criteria
POWER FUSES
- Types of Medium Voltage Power Fuses
- TCC Curves
- Coordination Criteria
GROUNDING
SYSTEM GROUNDING
- Introduction
- Ungrounded System
- Solid Grounding
- High Resistance Grounding
- Low Resistance Grounding
- Inductance Grounded
- Ground Fault DetectionMethods
EQUIPMENT GROUNDING
SHORT CIRCUIT THEORY AND TERMINOLOGY
PURPOSES OF FAULT CALCULATIONS
- Introduction
- Basic Theory
TYPES OF FAULTS/MAGNITUDES
- Three-Phase Faults
- Phase-to-Phase Faults
- Phase-to-Ground
- Arcing Faults
- Overloads
EFFECTS OF SHORT CIRCUITS
- Arcing and Burning
- Current Flow
- Thermal Stress
- Mechanical Stress
- Voltage Drop
OVERCURRENT COORDINATION FUNDAMENTALS
GENERAL PROCEDURES
- Introduction
- One-Line Diagrams
- Scale Selection Procedures
- Plotting of Fixed Points (Curves)
- Protective Device Plotting/Tracing
- Selection of Ratings and Settings
- Analysis of the Coordination Study
DATA REQUIREMENTS
- Power Company Settings
- Transformer Data
- Motor Data
- Load Data
- Fault Currents Available
- Conductor Data
- Protective Device Data
Time Current Curves – Over Current Coordination
COMPONENT AND EQUIPMENT PROTECTION
- Overview
- Component Protection
- Conductor protection
- Transformer protection
- AC induction Motor Protection
- Transfer Switches
- Generator Protection
ARC FLASH ANALYSIS - OVERVIEW
- Electrical Hazards
- Electrical Accidents – Factors
- Electrical shock
- Arc Flash
- Standards and Codes
- Fault Current Calculations
- Analysis Process
- Flash Protection Boundary Calculations
- Preparing twork safely
- Practical Solutions for Reducing Arc Flash Hazard
COURSE SCHEDULE
Both Days
Start: 10 am Eastern Time
Finish: 4:30 pm Eastern Time
