Florida urged to give renewables a chance

Florida renewable energy policy faces market barriers, outdated avoided cost rules, and utility dominance, limiting independent power producers, biomass, and waste-to-energy growth despite in-state resources. Regulatory reform and fair pricing could unlock competition and investment.

It can be easily demonstrated that Florida could be a major producer of renewable energy. This would be a significant economic boon for our state, stimulating millions of dollars in new capital investment, catalyzing thousands of permanent new jobs and easing our over reliance on imported sources of fuel to generate electricity.

Yet, most serious discussions of renewable energy's future in Florida, including its solar future, are short-circuited by two words: "If only…"

If only the right regulatory framework, such as the Senate rate plan, was in place, then Florida could have more renewable energy, some say. If only renewable power didn't cost electric ratepayers so much… If only renewables could be built to the scale of multi-megawatt generating stations…

If only we stopped coming up with excuses, we really could have a burgeoning renewable industry across the state.

In Florida, the reality is that both the power generation industry and policymakers often spend more time talking about the obstacles to renewable energy in an energy debate that often comes down to jobs than laying out strategies and deadlines for actually achieving any goals.

In the meantime, nothing gets accomplished, as rejected renewable plans continue to stall progress. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the share of Florida's electrical power supply that comes from renewable sources actually dropped from 2.9 percent in 1998 to 2 percent in 2008.

Why is that?

The truth is that renewable energy in Florida is shackled by outdated rules that protect established interests and prevent independent power entrepreneurs from competing fairly in the marketplace. Here's how:

The supply of electricity in Florida is dominated by the state's investor-owned utilities, which control nearly 90 percent of the market for generation and distribution. The rest of the state's electric power — about 10 percent — is supplied by local government-owned municipal utilities, electric cooperatives and by a small number of independent power producers.

For fuel, the investor-owned utilities, municipal utilities and the co-ops rely virtually 100 percent on sources that lie beyond Florida's borders: coal, natural gas, oil and uranium.

It is the independent power producers who generate most of state's renewable electricity, using homegrown renewable energy that Florida already has in its possession. Among those already up and running:

• Florida's 11 waste-to-energy plants — including the Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility — turn garbage into more than 535 megawatts MW of electricity, enough to power more than 400,000 homes.

• Florida Crystal's Okeelanta facility, in Pahokee, combusts residual sugarcane fiber and urban wood waste to produce 140 MW, making it the largest biomass power plant in North America.

• Georgia-Pacific Corp. in Palatka 58 MW, Rayonier Inc. in Fernandina Beach 20 MW and Buckeye Technology 50 MW use wood waste as fuel to generate electricity to run their forest products mills.

Today, any independent power producer - like my company, Covanta Energy - seeking to build or expand renewable power in Florida must first run the gantlet of a pricing formula that mandates what investor-owned utilities will pay for independently produced electricity. It's called the "avoided cost" formula.

"Avoided cost" is governed by state regulators, but because of the expertise and massive legal resources deployed by the investor-owned utilities in Tallahassee, the utilities have been able to manipulate the formula over the years. The result: The utilities today pay far less for renewable energy than they contractually agreed to pay 20 years ago for this same power, while, amid unpaid rebates, charging consumers far more.

Nominally, the "avoided cost" rules are meant to ensure that ratepayers get electricity at the lowest possible cost, but both the calculation and application of these rules actually has the opposite effect. At the same time, these rules serve to eliminate free-market competition, preventing anyone except the utility companies from producing power, thereby effectively killing the renewable energy market. The tragedy is that this behavior prevents the citizens of Florida from realizing the many environmental and economic benefits derived from renewable electricity generation.

Florida's renewable energy industry does not need a government subsidy. All renewable and independent power producers want is the right to compete on a level playing field. As it stands today, the marketplace in Florida is closed.

And there's no excuse for that.

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