Japan vows to stabilize stricken plant

Fukushima Daiichi Cold Shutdown Timeline outlines TEPCO's plan to cool reactor cores after fuel-rod meltdowns, curb radiation, and manage contaminated water, with evacuations expanding beyond the 20-km zone following the March 11 earthquake and tsunami.

Japan said it will stabilize and shut down its stricken nuclear power plant in six to nine months, as planned, as residents of two more towns around it evacuated amid concerns about accumulated radiation.

The government’s timeline for stabilizing the plant was called into question after new data showed that the damage to one reactor at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear complex, where another explosion spiked radiation levels early on, was worse than expected.

That assessment also prompted the government to acknowledge that the reactor’s fuel rods were likely melting soon after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami knocked out the plant’s cooling system.

Until all the reactors are safely shut down, they continue to leak radiation, with radioactivity levels falling though in much smaller amounts than in the early days of the disaster.

Still, the sheer volume of contaminants spewed from the plant — and their buildup in places outside the 20-kilometre evacuation zone, with Tokyo tap water radiation widely reported — persuaded the government to order residents to leave more towns in late April. Some of those evacuations have already begun.

In a rare bit of good news, authorities said that their original timeline for stabilizing the reactors is achievable because the temperature inside the Unit 1 reactor core has fallen to nearly 100 Celsius, a level considered safe and close to a cold shutdown.

“We believe we can stick to the current time frame,” said Goshi Hosono, the prime minister’s aide and nuclear crisis task force director, referring to the timeline laid out in April of bringing the plants three troubled reactors to a cold and stable shutdown in six to nine months.

“What’s crucial is how we can proceed with cooling. Even though the cores had melted, they are somewhat kept cool,” Hosono said.

The plant, operated by the Tokyo Electric Power Co., which has said four of six reactors are write-offs in total, is still leaking a massive amount of contaminated water — just one of many problems facing workers who have been trying to bring it under control the last two months.

Hosono said that a similar meltdown had probably occurred Units 2 and 3 as they were both out of water for more than six hours after the March 11 power outage. Unit 1’s reactor core was out of water for more than 14 hours, leaving fuel rods fully exposed he revealed.

Most of the fuel in Unit 1 has melted and slumped to the bottom of the pressure vessel that holds the rods together, and some of that ate through the vessel and trickled into the large beaker-shaped containment vessel, officials said.

Meanwhile, about 50 residents from Kawamata and four families from Iitate have already vacated their homes as residents near the plant evacuated across the region and began to adjust to life in evacuation centres after leaving their homes on previous government orders.

The towns are among several that have registered relatively high radiation readings but are outside a previous 20-km radius evacuation zone around the nuclear plant.

In late April, the government said residents in these areas should prepare to evacuate over the coming month due to concerns about cumulative radiation.

Officials in Iitate said they intend to have most of the town’s residents evacuated by the end of the month. The scenic, rural village had a population of 6,500 before the earthquake and about 2,000 people have already moved out voluntarily.

Four families with babies or pregnant women left the town, according to an Iitate official who did not give his name because he was not authorized to speak to the media.

He said it is difficult to estimate how many people remain in the town because many are evacuating on their own and the village does not have details on their circumstances.

Officials said they have not set an exact date for the final evacuations because some residents may have trouble leaving — because they own livestock or for other reasons — and may require extra time.

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