Shadow cast over Areva's EPR nuclear reactor

Areva EPR safety concerns focus on control and instrumentation independence, with regulators in France, the UK, and Finland demanding separation of safety and control systems at Flamanville and Olkiluoto 3 to prevent common-cause failures.

French company Areva SA is reeling after nuclear safety authorities in the United Kingdom, Finland and France called for the company to modify a key part of the European Pressurized Reactor (EPR).

In a rare move, the three safety watchdogs issued a joint statement calling on Areva to make changes to the reactor's control and instrumentation (C&I) systems, which have been highlighted as safety concerns by all three organizations in the past. The regulators told Areva that safety systems must be separated from the control systems to reduce the risk of simultaneous failure in the event of an emergency.

Areva is currently building EPR-based nuclear plants in Flamanville, France, and at the troubled Olkiluoto 3 site in Finland, both of which have run into problems. The safety concerns come at a time when Areva is hoping to become a key supplier for the forthcoming new wave of nuclear plant construction in the UK. The company is also part of a trio of bidders including an EDF partnership hoping to win contracts to build between four and six nuclear reactors in United Arab Emirates.

"Although the EPR design being developed for each country varies slightly, the issues we raised with the current C&I system are broadly similar, our aim being to collectively obtain the highest levels of safety from the EPR," said the joint statement from the three nuclear regulators. "The issue is primarily around ensuring the adequacy of the safety systems — those used to maintain control of the plant if it goes outside normal conditions — and their independence from the control systems... used to operate the plant under normal conditions. Independence is important, because if a safety system provides protection against the failure of a control system, then they should not fail together. The EPR design, as originally proposed by the licensees and the manufacturer, Areva, doesn't comply with the independence principle, as there is a very high degree of complex interconnectivity between the control and safety systems."

Areva has agreed to modify the system, but the issue has sent the company's share price into freefall, losing 4% of its value in just a few days, even as it signed a supply agreement with Sandvik recently. The company said: "The EPR reactor is currently the most powerful reactor in the world and meets the highest safety standards. Areva is working closely with the authorities in each country to determine how its model can respond to various local issues. Areva guarantees the safety of its reactor and welcomes the approach made by the safety authorities to introduce a global standardization for its I&C model."

This latest setback to the Finland reactor project comes on the back of increased delays with the Olkiluoto 3 build in Finland. Just recently, Finnish energy provider and project owner Teollisuuden Voima Oy said that the June 2012 completion date is no longer feasible, indicating more delays for the project, while Finnish safety group STUK highlighted issues with poor pipe welding at the site.

Olkiluoto 3 was meant to showcase the EPR to the world, as Areva looked to build on European success with the design worldwide, but has become a high profile disaster that is running three years late. The contract was originally valued at $4.27 billion, but Areva now expects to make a loss of $4.3 billion on the project.

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